初三英语重点难点解析_英语教学论文,初三英语重点难点解析_英语

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  初三英语重点难点解析

  Unit 5 The Accident

  本单元要求学生更好地掌握过去进行时态的各种句式,并能活学活用;掌握用“had better”等来提出建 议的句式,通过做18课的练习2之后,使学生逐渐了解如何进行课文缩写。可以模访第19课的“ACCIDENT

  REPORT”进行练习。

  一、提出建议并能作出恰当的回答

  在第二册第6单元已经学到过用“shall”,“Let’s”和“why not”来提出建议,并作简略回答。

  如:

  ①-Shall we go at ten?

  -Good idea!

  ②-Let's go at ten?

  -OK!

  ③-Why not go at ten?-All right.

  这一单元里,主要学习有关“had better”的用法。“had better+动词原形”表示“最好做某事”,用 来向别人提出建议,其形式可以缩写为“d better”。如:

  ①You'd better do your homework now.

  ②We'd better go to school.

  “had better”的否定形式为“had better not…”如:You'd better not watch TVnow.

  二、学习过去进行时的各种句式

  在前一单元里,已经学习了过去进行时的构成和用法,这一单元着重学习它的否定句式、一般疑问句式及 在从句中的用法。

  1.过去进行时的否定式在助动词“be(was或were)”后面加上“not”即可。如:

  I was not washing clothes last night.

  2.过去进行时的一般疑问句式为:助动词“was或were”在句首。如:

  —Was Tom writing a letter at seven yesterday?

  —Yes,he was.(No,he wasn't.)

  3.在含“when”和“while”(当……时)引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,常有过去进行时,表示一个 动作在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行或发生。这一过去进行时的动作可以出现在主句,也可以出现在从 句中,但要注意的是,用该时态的动词常常是一个持续性动词。如:

  ①Someone knocked at the door when I was cook-ing

  ② While we were talking,my mother came in.

  ③ The twins were sweeping the floor when their mother returned.

  另外,含“when”的复合句中,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时的情况下,常包含有“意外”之概 念,如前例③。

  三、重点、难点词组和句子的分析

  1. You look tired today. (2.17)(你看上去很累。)

  该句中的“look”意为“看起来”,是系动词,而在这种系动词后面常用形容词作表语如look young/hap y/old/…等,另外,“look”也可用作实义动词,并且有许多相关词组,如:look at …(看…)look like… (看起来像……),look the same(看起来很相像),look for…(寻找……),look after…(照料/照看 ……)等等。当然,不能再用形容词来作表语或修饰它,如果要修饰,只能用副词。如:

  Please look after your watch carefull.

  2. A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.(L17)

  表示感觉的动词如“see,hear,watch”等以及一些其它动词如“make,let”等,后接不定式作其宾语补 足语时,该不定式前不带“to”。如:

  ①I’m tired.Let me have a short rest.

  ②Do you often hear Tom sing this song?

  ③I saw him go out.(我看到他出去了。)

  另外,“see,hear,watch”等还可后接现在分词作其宾语补足语。如:

  I heard someone laughing. (我听到有人在笑。)

  3.The children were leaving school on Tues-day when they saw a truck. (2.18)

  该句中有二点需要注意:

  ①“were leaving”是过去进行时的形式表示过去将来的动作,即“正要离开……”。在英语中,个别动 词如:“leave,go, come,start”等,它们的进行时形式可以表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。如 :

  Are you going home next week?

  ②“leave school表示“(学生)离校;毕业”;中间不加冠词。又如;go to school/come to school( 上学)。类似的表达法如: in hospita1(住院),leave hospital/come out of hospita1(出院)。注意比较下 句中冠词的区别;

  His mother often goes to ____the school to seeher son at ______ school.

  4.He did not see the bag until it was too late: (L18)

  “not…until…” 是“直到 ……才……”如:

  ①. She won.'t go away until you promise, to help her.

  ②. I didn't go home until I finished cleaning the classroom.

  5. It's really nice of you. (L18)

  该句相当于“It's very kind of you.”(你真好。)

  6. He told her about the accident. (L18) “tell sb. about/of sth.”意为:“告诉某有关某事或 跟某人讲述某事”。如:

  Please tell me about your family.

  另外, “tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb.” “告诉某人某事”, “tell sb. todo sth. ”:“叫某 人做某事”。如:

  ① I told him my name.

  ② My grandfarther often told us stories when we were children.

  ③ She told the happy news to everyone.

  ④ Tell him to wait for me at the school gate.

  7. Please hurry up! (L18)

  Miss zhao hurried off to look after the man.(L18) “hurry up”; “赶快”;“hurry off”; “匆匆离去”如:

  ① Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.

  ② Tom finished the work and hurried off.

  8. Give short answers to these questions.(L20)

  一般地,在表示“……的”时,可以用以下四种形式:

  ① 's: 通常在表有生命的事物后,以“s”结尾的复数名词只加“’”即可。如:

  Tom's coat. Teachers' Day, Children's Day等。

  另外,一些无生命的如表示“时间、城镇”等的名词后,也可加“s'”。如:

  Tomorrow's meeting, the city's streets, etc.

  ② of:通常是与无生命事物的名词相连。如:

  Parts of China, a photo of my family

  ③ to:一些表达法已成为习惯,有时我们可理解为配套的事物。如:the key to thedoor, answers to t he questions.

  ④形容词性物主代词置于名词前。如:my book.

  Unit 6. In the library

  一、语法:现在完成时(一)

  1、构成:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词

  2、主要用法:(一)动作发生在过去,对现在留有影响,可以与到现在为止的时间状语these days, up

  to now, recently, in the last two years连用,也可以与一些表示强调的副词aleady,yet,just, before, ever…eg.连用:I have (already) seen the film.

  Have you ever been there (before )?

  注意:A、动词过去分词的变化有两种,一种与过去式的规则变化一样(即在动词后加ed);另一种为不 规则变化,需要熟读熟记。规则变化如下:

  1)动词原形加ed,如:work--worked

  2)以e结尾加d,如:like--liked

  3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed,如:worry--worried

  4)以重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母再加ed,如:stop--stopped

  B.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别在于:一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作和状态,与现在无任何联系 ,时间状语常为:yesterday, last week,3days ago, in 1990; 现在完成时则强调动作与现在的联系、影响 和结果。

  eg. Have you seen the film? Yes, I have.

  When did you see it? I saw it last week.

  二、词汇与句型

  have got=have

  1.I think I've got one. {

  has got=has

  2.Here you are.这是一种倒装语序,常用在口语中。

  Can I use yourpen for a while?

  eg.{

  Certainly.Here you are.

  类似的还有:There goes the bell.

  Here comes the bus.

  3.Have you seen it anywhere?

  anywhere常用于疑问句和否定句;some where表示某个地方,常用于肯定句;no where=not anywhere, e verywhene, 是处处、到处的意思。

  eg. I can't find my pen anywhere.

  He has borrowed some money somewhere.

  I have looked for my lost bike everywhere.

  Where likes them to borrow them.

  {

  Nowhere.

  4.She also likes them to borrow them.

  borrow : 借来,借进,与form连用。

  词组:borrow sth.from sb.

  {

  lend:借来,与to连用。词组:

  {lend sb.sth.lend sth.to sb.

  eg. Whom have you borrowed the bike from?

  Can you lend me your bike?

  wifh sb.

  5.She is very strict, be strict{

  in sth.

  eg. She is strict in her job.

  Our teacher is strict with us.

  6.Please be more careful from now on.

  from now on:从现在起,还有from tomorrow on, from then on, from next weekon.

  7.I have never lost a book before. ago与before都是副词,前者用于过去时,后者用于现在完成时 ,泛指以前。

  eg. I lost my pen three days ago.

  I haven't seen such a good film before.

  8.We must both thank Lucy !注意both,all,each作同位语的位置:1.放在be动词后;2.放在行 为动词前;3.放在助动词与谓语动词中:

  eg. We are all students. They have both gone there.

  We each have an English book.

  9.You must always return your library book on time.

  return表示give back, 故后面不再跟back.

  on a train

  10.{ by train不能加冠词或任何修饰词,类似的有:in a car,on my bike,

  by trainby bus,by bike,by air…

  11.……,you must pay for it. pay for sth.“付…的钱,赔偿…”

  eg. I paid two yuan for the book.

  初三英语重点难点解析

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